AI News Archive: July 8, 2026 — Part 20
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- Racial and Ethnic Differences in Exposure to Antibiotics Associated with Clostridioides difficile Infection in US Academic Dental Care
Background Severe Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) morbidity and mortality disproportionately affect Black and Hispanic patients in the United States. Antibiotic exposure is the primary modifiable risk factor for CDI, and clindamycin is among the agents most strongly associated with related harm. Characterizing inequities in prescribing is critical. Dentistry is a major source of clindamycin prescriptions. Academic dental clinics serve diverse patient populations and provide an ideal setting to evaluate prescribing across racial and ethnic groups. We therefore examined antibiotic use and cumulative clindamycin exposure as measures of CDI-associated risk. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of electronic health records from 5 US academic dental institutions from 2021 through 2023. We analyzed 552,428 encounters among 132,770 patients with documented race/ethnicity to estimate adjusted odds of receiving any oral antibiotic and clindamycin by race/ethnicity. Secondary outcomes evaluated total antibiotic exposure among dental provider-prescribed antibiotics, focusing on higher-than-standard cumulative dosing of clindamycin (>8400 mg) and amoxicillin (>10,500 mg). Results Oral antibiotic prescribing occurred in 1.9% of encounters. Compared with White patients, Black, Hispanic, and Other race patients had slightly lower adjusted odds of receiving any oral antibiotic, while Black patients had greater odds of receiving a higher-than-standard cumulative clindamycin dose when clindamycin was prescribed (adjusted odds ratio, 2.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.25-3.82). Conclusion Racial and ethnic inequities in dental antibiotic prescribing extended beyond antibiotic receipt to cumulative clindamycin exposure. Although CDI outcomes were not directly measured, these prescribing differences may have implications for disparities in CDI-associated harm and warrant further investigation.
- Coffee Intake is Associated with Improved Insulin Sensitivity and Lower Visceral Adiposity: Evidence from Biomarker and Genetic Analysis
Importance: Higher coffee intake has been associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the underlying biological pathways remain incompletely understood. Objective: To examine associations of coffee intake with insulin sensitivity, adiposity, and T2D risk, and assess whether coffee intake modifies associations between pathway-specific genetic susceptibility and incident T2D. Design, Setting, and Participants: Cross-sectional analyses among 806 participants without T2D in the VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL) clinical sub-cohort, who underwent repeated dietary assessment, clinical phenotyping, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry imaging at baseline and year-2. Prospective analyses among 333,053 UK Biobank participants without T2D at baseline who had dietary and genetic data and were followed for a median of 13.3 years. Exposures: Coffee intake assessed by food frequency questionnaires. In UK Biobank, 12 pathway-specific polygenic scores (pPS) representing distinct T2D pathophysiological mechanisms were evaluated. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcomes, in VITAL, were HbA1c, oral glucose tolerance test-derived measures of glucose response and insulin sensitivity, beta-cell function, and overall, truncal, and visceral adiposity; in UK Biobank, was incident T2D. Results: In VITAL, higher coffee intake was associated with higher insulin sensitivity (standardized beta; per cup/day, 0.046; P = .004) and lower visceral adipose tissue mass (beta -0.047; P = .006), after adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors, including body mass index. In UK Biobank, higher coffee intake was associated with lower T2D incidence (hazard ratio per cup/day, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.95-0.97), lower triglyceride-to-HDL cholesterol ratio (beta: -0.01; P = 2.51 x 10-19), and lower visceral adipose tissue mass (beta: -0.01; P = 4.28 x 10-9). Associations of 3 pPS related to insulin resistance and fat distribution with incident T2D were attenuated among participants consuming higher amount of coffee than among non-consumers (P for interaction < .0043). Conclusions and Relevance: Higher coffee intake was associated with greater insulin sensitivity, lower visceral adiposity, and lower risk of T2D. Together with the attenuation of associations between pathway-specific genetic susceptibility and T2D risk among higher coffee consumers, these findings suggest that insulin resistance and visceral adiposity-related pathways may contribute to the association between coffee intake and T2D risk.
- Behavioral determinants of preventive practices against German cockroach infestation among urban residents in Tehran, Iran
Background German cockroach (Blattella germanica) infestation is an important urban environmental health menace associated with food contamination, allergic disease, and reduced quality of life. Long-term control depends not only on professional pest management, but also on residents knowledge and preventive behaviors. This study assessed the knowledge, Health belief model (HBM) constructs, self-efficacy, and preventive practices related to German cockroach infestation among urban residents in Tehran, Iran. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 120 adults with professionally confirmed household German cockroach infestation were recruited from licensed pest-control companies in Tehran. Data were collated using a 39-item HBM-based questionnaire assessing knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and preventive practices. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression were performed. Results Participants demonstrated modest knowledge regarding German cockroach biology (mean score: 0.538) and moderate preventive practices (3.157). Preventive practices were positively correlated with knowledge (r = 0.256, P = 0.005), perceived benefits (r = 0.292, P = 0.001), and self-efficacy (r = 0.244, P = 0.007). Regression analysis showed that the model explained 17.3% of the variance in preventive practices (R2 = 0.173, P = 0.001). Knowledge ({beta} = 0.191, P = 0.036), perceived benefits ({beta} = 0.231, P = 0.010), and self-efficacy ({beta} = 0.229, P = 0.012) were significant predictors. Conclusions Urban residents with confirmed German cockroach infestation showed limited knowledge and moderate preventive behaviors. Knowledge, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy were independently associated with preventive practices and demonstrated modest predictive value. Interventions targeting these behavioral factors, alongside environmental and structural improvements, may enhance sustainable household cockroach control.
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- Alterations in Early Alpha-band Connectivity emerge in Infancy among children later diagnosed with Autism
Autism is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition, often accompanied by challenges in language and cognitive development. Although atypical functional connectivity (FC) has been reported in autism, the timing of when it first emerges and its relevance for later behavior remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined developmental trajectories of alpha-band FC and network organization across the first three years of life. We computed global alpha-band measures, including peak alpha connectivity frequency (PACF), mean FC, clustering coefficient, and modularity, to characterize nonlinear developmental trajectories from longitudinal EEGs collected from 238 children (3-to-36-month-olds) with (Autism; n=58) and without (LL-noAutism; n=180) autism. Network-based statistics (NBS-Predict) identified subnetworks contributing to group differences at each age. Exploratory graph analyses (EGA) examined associations among FC, network measures, and language outcomes. We observed that PACF increased linearly with age in both groups. Global alpha-band connectivity measures showed a similar developmental pattern, with mean global FC, clustering coefficient, and modularity all increasing rapidly during the first year in both groups. Thereafter, these measures declined in the Autism group but continued to gradually increase in the LL-noAutism group. Compared to LL-noAutism, NBS-Predict identified both hyper- and hypo-connectivity subnetworks in Autism at 3 months, followed by a hypo-connectivity subnetwork at 24 and 36 months. EGA indicated that early hyperconnectivity predicted later hypoconnectivity and was associated with subsequent network organization and language outcomes. These findings indicate that altered alpha-band connectivity trajectories are detectable in infancy in children later diagnosed with autism and may contribute to later differences in developmental outcomes.
- Feds demand autonomous vehicle companies stop interfering with first responders
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration said emergency scenes are not "edge cases."
- Google’s deepfake detector system used to debunk McConnell hoax pic
Earlier this week, a picture seemed to show Kentucky Senator Mitch McConnell covered in tubes in a hospital bed in a state of extreme distress. It turned out to be an AI-generated fake.
- Google Photos adds a new AI ‘Video Remix’ tool
The feature can do things like apply cinematic relighting to brighten up a dark clip, swap out a plain background for something fun, or add artistic styles to videos.
- Create shareable video clips in seconds with Video Remix in Google Photos.
With Video Remix in Google Photos, you can transform ordinary videos into share-worthy moments in just a few taps.
- Google announces new 'Video Remix' feature its for AI subscribers
It allows you to reimagine videos stored in Google Photos using Gemini Omni.
- Google Photos can now turn your ordinary videos into AI-generated works of art
Google has introduced Video Remix for Google Photos, a new Gemini-powered feature that transforms ordinary videos with AI-generated lighting, artistic styles, and background changes in just a few taps.
- Now’s your chance to try Google’s new Video Remix tool in Photos
Nothing's real anymore, but at least we're having a whole lot of fun!
- ChatGPT can now listen and talk at the same time, making AI conversations seem more human
OpenAI's GPT-Live can listen and speak at the same time using a full-duplex architecture. Complex questions get handed off to GPT-5.5 in the background, which drastically improves response quality. GPT-Live-1 is available now for paying ChatGPT users, with a mini version for free accounts. API access is coming soon. The article ChatGPT can now listen and talk at the same time, making AI conversations seem more human appeared first on The Decoder .
- ChatGPT Live could make talking to AI feel straight out of the movies
OpenAI has launched GPT-Live, a new voice model for ChatGPT Voice that can listen and speak at the same time to make AI conversations feel faster and more natural.
- OpenAI just upgraded ChatGPT voice mode in a major way, including CarPlay
A shiny new model isn’t the only upgrade coming to ChatGPT this week. In addition to GPT-5.6’s release tomorrow, OpenAI is announcing an all-new ChatGPT voice mode experience as well. Because ChatGPT works with CarPlay, today’s release also is a major upgrade to the CarPlay voice mode experience as well.
- ChatGPT’s upgraded voice mode is better at shutting up
OpenAI is overhauling ChatGPT's voice mode with a new model that it says is more like "talking to another person." The new GPT-Live-1 is designed to interrupt you less and will also wait for you to continue speaking if you pause mid-conversation. During a press briefing, OpenAI research lead Kundan Kumar called GPT-Live-1 the company's […]
- The Future Is Always Listening: OpenAI Says Its New Voice Assistant Is ‘One Step Closer to a Truly Accessible AGI’
GPT-Live-1 is designed to make speaking with AI feel less… artificial.
- ChatGPT's new voice mode will slow down if you tell it to
OpenAI's new voice mode for ChatGPT will acknowledge you as you speak, and slow down if you ask it to.
- OpenAI makes ChatGPT better at banter
With GPT-Live, talking, listening, and formulating answers all happen at once
- OpenAI secures U.S. regulatory green light for GPT-5.6 rollout, Axios report says
OpenAI secures U.S. regulatory green light for GPT-5.6 rollout, Axios report says