AI News Archive: May 13, 2026 — Part 21
Sourced from 500+ daily AI sources, scored by relevance.
- Large Language Models Lack Temporal Awareness of Medical Knowledge
The existing methods for evaluating the medical knowledge of Large Language Models (LLMs) are largely based on atemporal examination-style benchmarks, while in reality, medical knowledge is inherently dynamic and continuously evolves as new evidence emerges and treatments are approved. Consequently,...
- Leveraging Multimodal Self-Consistency Reasoning in Coding Motivational Interviewing for Alcohol Use Reduction
BACKGROUND: Coding Motivational Interviewing (MI) sessions is essential for understanding client behaviors and predicting outcomes, but it requires substantial time and labor from trained MI professionals. Recent advances in audio-language models (ALMs) offer new opportunities to automate MI coding ...
- Controlling Logical Collapse in LLMs via Algebraic Ontology Projection over F2
Do large language models internally encode ontological relations in a formally verifiable algebraic structure? We introduce Algebraic Ontology Projection (AOP), which projects LLM hidden states into the Galois Field F2 under Liskov Substitution Principle constraints, using only 42 relational pairs a...
- DiM\textsuperscript{3}: Bridging Multilingual and Multimodal Models via Direction- and Magnitude-Aware Merging
Towards more general and human-like intelligence, large language models should seamlessly integrate both multilingual and multimodal capabilities; however, extending an existing multimodal model to many languages typically requires expensive multilingual multimodal data construction and repeated end...
- From Instance Selection to Fixed-Pool Data Recipe Search for Supervised Fine-Tuning
Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) data selection is commonly formulated as instance ranking: score each example and retain a top-$k$ subset. However, effective SFT training subsets are often produced through ordered curation recipes, where filtering, mixing, and deduplication operators jointly shape the ...
- When Attention Closes: How LLMs Lose the Thread in Multi-Turn Interaction
Large language models can follow complex instructions in a single turn, yet over long multi-turn interactions they often lose the thread of instructions, persona, and rules. This degradation has been measured behaviorally but not mechanistically explained. We propose a channel-transition account: go...
- CommonWhy: A Dataset for Evaluating Entity-Based Causal Commonsense Reasoning in Large Language Models
To effectively interact with the real world, Large Language Models (LLMs) require entity-based commonsense reasoning, a challenging task that necessitates integrating factual knowledge about specific entities with commonsense inference. Existing datasets for evaluating LLM entity-based commonsense r...
- When Do LLMs Generate Realistic Social Networks? A Multi-Dimensional Study of Culture, Language, Scale, and Method
Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as substitutes for human subjects in behavioral simulations, including synthetic social network generation. Yet it remains unclear how their relational outputs depend on prompt design, cultural framing, prompt language, and model scale. Building on ...
- Beyond Cooperative Simulators: Generating Realistic User Personas for Robust Evaluation of LLM Agents
Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed in settings where they interact with a wide variety of people, including users who are unclear, impatient, or reluctant to share information. However, collecting real interaction data at scale remains expensive. The field has turned to LLM-...
- CiteVQA: Benchmarking Evidence Attribution for Trustworthy Document Intelligence
Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly advanced document understanding, yet current Doc-VQA evaluations score only the final answer and leave the supporting evidence unchecked. This answer-only approach masks a critical failure mode: a model can land on the correct answer while ...
- Persona-Model Collapse in Emergent Misalignment
Fine-tuning large language models on narrow data with harmful content produces broadly misaligned behavior on unrelated prompts, a phenomenon known as emergent misalignment. We propose that emergent misalignment involves persona-model collapse: deterioration of the model's internal capacity to simul...
- Phasor Memory Networks: Stable Backpropagation Through Time for Scalable Explicit Memory
For over a decade, explicit memory architectures like the Neural Turing Machine have remained theoretically appealing yet practically intractable for language modeling due to catastrophic gradient instability during Backpropagation Through Time. In this work, we break this stalemate with \textit{Pha...
- A Hybrid Framework for Natural Language Querying of IFC Models with Relational and Graph Representations
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is widely used in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry, but the complexity of Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) limits accessibility for non-expert users. To address this, we introduce IfcLLM, a hybrid framework for natural language inter...
- Does language matter for spoken word classification? A multilingual generative meta-learning approach
Meta-learning has been shown to have better performance than supervised learning for few-shot monolingual spoken word classification. However, the meta-learning approach remains under-explored in multilingual spoken word classification. In this paper, we apply the Generative Meta-Continual Learning ...
- Scaling few-shot spoken word classification with generative meta-continual learning
Few-shot spoken word classification has largely been developed for applications where a small number of classes is considered, and so the potential of larger-scale few-shot spoken word classification remains untapped. This paper investigates the potential of a spoken word classifier to sequentially ...
- The Cost of Perfect English: Pragmatic Flattening and the Erasure of Authorial Voice in L2 Writing Supported by GenAI
The integration of Generative AI (GenAI) into language learning offers second language (L2) writers powerful tools for text optimization. However, pursuing native-like fluency often sacrifices sociopragmatic diversity. Investigating "pragmatic flattening" - the systematic erasure of culturally prefe...
- RAG-Enhanced Large Language Models for Dynamic Content Expiration Prediction in Web Search
In commercial web search, aligning content freshness with user intent remains challenging due to the highly varied lifespans of information. Traditional industrial approaches rely on static time-window filtering, resulting in "one-size-fits-all" rankings where content may be chronologically recent b...
- Adaptive Steering and Remasking for Safe Generation in Diffusion Language Models
Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) provide a promising alternative to autoregressive language models by generating text through iterative denoising and bidirectional refinement. However, this iterative generation paradigm also introduces unique safety vulnerabilities when harmful tokens generated at i...
- Understanding and Accelerating the Training of Masked Diffusion Language Models
Masked diffusion models (MDMs) have emerged as a promising alternative to autoregressive models (ARMs) for language modeling. However, MDMs are known to learn substantially more slowly than ARMs, which may become problematic when scaling MDMs to larger models. Therefore, we ask the following questio...
- ATD-Trans: A Geographically Grounded Japanese-English Travelogue Translation Dataset
Geographic text, or textual data rich in geographic (geo-) information is a valuable source for various geographic applications, e.g., tourism management. Making such information accessible to speakers of other languages further enhances its utility; thus, accurate machine translation (MT) is essent...
- Embodied Multi-Agent Coordination by Aligning World Models Through Dialogue
Effective collaboration between embodied agents requires more than acting in a shared environment; it demands communication grounded in each agent's evolving understanding of the world. When agents can only partially observe their surroundings, coordination without communication is provably hard, bu...
- Skill-Aligned Annotation for Reliable Evaluation in Text-to-Image Generation
Text-to-image (T2I) generation has advanced rapidly, making reliable evaluation critical as performance differences between models narrow. Existing evaluation practices typically apply uniform annotation mechanisms, such as Likert-scale or binary question answering (BQA), across heterogeneous evalua...
- Does Engram Do Memory Retrieval in Autoregressive Image Generation?
The Engram module -- a hash-keyed, O(1) associative memory injected into Transformer layers -- was recently shown to improve large language model pretraining, with the appealing interpretation that it provides a content-addressed shortcut to recurring local token patterns. We ask whether this interp...
- A$_3$B$_2$: Adaptive Asymmetric Adapter for Alleviating Branch Bias in Vision-Language Image Classification with Few-Shot Learning
Efficient transfer learning methods for large-scale vision-language models ($e.g.$, CLIP) enable strong few-shot transfer, yet existing adaptation methods follow a fixed fine-tuning paradigm that implicitly assumes a uniform importance of the image and text branches, which has not been systematicall...
- Dual-Pathway Circuits of Object Hallucination in Vision-Language Models
Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in bridging visual perception and natural language understanding, enabling a wide range of multimodal reasoning tasks. However, they often produce object hallucinations, describing content absent from the input image, which limi...
- Understanding Generalization through Decision Pattern Shift
Understanding why deep neural networks (DNNs) fail to generalize to unseen samples remains a long-standing challenge. Existing studies mainly examine changes in externally observable factors such as data, representations, or outputs, yet offer limited insight into how a model's internal decision mec...
- On Hallucinations in Inverse Problems: Fundamental Limits and Provable Assessment Methods
Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed imaging inverse problems, from medical diagnostics to Earth observation. Yet deep neural networks can produce hallucinations, realistic-looking but incorrect details, undermining their reliability, especially when ground truth data is unavailable. We deve...
- Multi-Modal Guided Multi-Source Domain Adaptation for Object Detection
General object detection (OD) struggles to detect objects in the target domain that differ from the training distribution. To address this, recent studies demonstrate that training from multiple source domains and explicitly processing them separately for multi-source domain adaptation (MSDA) outper...
- Early Semantic Grounding in Image Editing Models for Zero-Shot Referring Image Segmentation
Instruction-based image editing (IIE) models have recently demonstrated strong capability in modifying specific image regions according to natural language instructions, which implicitly requires identifying where an edit should be applied. This indicates that such models inherently perform language...
- Flow Augmentation and Knowledge Distillation for Lightweight Face Presentation Attack Detection
Face presentation attack detection (FacePAD) remains challenging under diverse spoofing representation, including 2D print and replay, 3D mask-based spoofing, makeup-induced appearance manipulation, and physical occlusions, as well as under varying capture conditions. Motion cues are highly discrimi...
- PRA-PoE: Robust Alzheimer's Diagnosis with Arbitrary Missing Modalities
Missing modalities are prevalent in real-world Alzheimer's disease (AD) assessment and pose a significant challenge to multimodal learning, particularly when the distribution of observed modality subsets differs between training and deployment. Such missingness pattern mismatch induces a conditional...
- Learning to See What You Need: Gaze Attention for Multimodal Large Language Models
When humans describe a visual scene, they do not process the entire image uniformly; instead, they selectively fixate on regions relevant to their intended description. In contrast, current multimodal large language models (MLLMs) attend to all visual tokens at each generation step, leading to dilut...
- Edit-Compass & EditReward-Compass: A Unified Benchmark for Image Editing and Reward Modeling
Recent image editing models have achieved remarkable progress in instruction following, multimodal understanding, and complex visual editing. However, existing benchmarks often fail to faithfully reflect human judgment, especially for strong frontier models, due to limited task difficulty and coarse...
- BrainAnytime: Anatomy-Aware Cross-Modal Pretraining for Brain Image Analysis with Arbitrary Modality Availability
Clinical diagnostic workups typically follow a modality escalation pathway: after initial clinical evaluation, clinicians begin with routine structural imaging (e.g., MRI), selectively add sequences such as FLAIR or T2 to refine the differential, and reserve molecular imaging (e.g., amyloid-PET) for...
- ViDR: Grounding Multimodal Deep Research Reports in Source Visual Evidence
Recent deep research systems have improved the ability of large language models to produce long, grounded reports through iterative retrieval and reasoning. However, most text-centered systems rely mainly on textual evidence, while multimodal systems often retrieve images only weakly or generate cha...
- OCH3R: Object-Centric Holistic 3D Reconstruction
Object-centric scene understanding is a fundamental challenge in computer vision. Existing approaches often rely on multi-stage pipelines that first apply pre-trained segmentors to extract individual objects, followed by per-object 3D reconstruction. Such methods are computationally expensive, fragi...
- Backbone is All You Need: Assessing Vulnerabilities of Frozen Foundation Models in Synthetic Image Forensics
As AI-generated synthetic images become increasingly realistic, Vision Transformers (ViTs) have emerged as a cornerstone of modern deepfake detection. However, the prevailing reliance on frozen, pre-trained backbones introduces a subtle yet critical vulnerability. In this work, we present the Surrog...
- Neural Surrogate Forward Modelling For Electrocardiology Without Explicit Intracellular Conductivity Tensor
Accurate forward modelling is essential for non-invasive cardiac electrophysiology, particularly in atrial fibrillation, where electrical activation is highly disorganised. Conventional physics-based forward models require explicit specification of intracellular conductivity tensors, which are not d...
- Drag within Prior Distribution: Text-Conditioned Point-Based Image Editing within Distribution Constraints
Diffusion-based point editing methods have gained significant traction in image editing tasks due to their ability to manipulate image semantics and fine details by applying localized perturbations on the manifold of noise latent. However, these approaches face several limitations. Traditional point...
- KamonBench: A Grammar-Based Dataset for Evaluating Compositional Factor Recovery in Vision-Language Models
Kamon (family crests) are an important part of Japanese culture and a natural test case for compositional visual recognition: each crest combines a small number of symbolic choices, but the space of possible descriptions is sparse. We introduce KamonBench, a grammar-based image-to-structure benchmar...
- Test-time Sparsity for Extreme Fast Action Diffusion
Action diffusion excels at high-fidelity action generation but incurs heavy computational costs owing to its iterative denoising nature. Despite current technologies showing promise in accelerating diffusion transformers by reusing the cached features, they struggle to adapt to policy dynamics arisi...
- Img2CADSeq: Image-to-CAD Generation via Sequence-Based Diffusion
Boundary Representation (BRep) is the standard format for Computer-Aided Design (CAD), yet reconstructing high-quality BReps from single-view images remains challenging due to the complexity of topological constraints and operation sequences. We present Img2CADSeq, a multi-stage pipeline that overco...
- FIKA-Bench: From Fine-grained Recognition to Fine-Grained Knowledge Acquisition
Fine-grained recognition in everyday life is often not a closed-book classification problem: when encountering unfamiliar objects, humans actively search, compare visual details, and verify evidence before deciding. Existing benchmarks primarily evaluate visually recognition, leaving this active ext...
- DiffST: Spatiotemporal-Aware Diffusion for Real-World Space-Time Video Super-Resolution
Diffusion-based models have shown strong performance in video super-resolution (VSR) and video frame interpolation (VFI). However, their role in the coupled space-time video super-resolution (STVSR) setting remains limited. Existing diffusion-based STVSR approaches suffer from two issues: (1) low in...
- LoREnc: Low-Rank Encryption for Securing Foundation Models and LoRA Adapters
Foundation models and low-rank adapters enable efficient on-device generative AI but raise risks such as intellectual property leakage and model recovery attacks. Existing defenses are often impractical because they require retraining or access to the original dataset. We propose LoREnc, a training-...
- Unifying Physically-Informed Weather Priors in A Single Model for Image Restoration Across Multiple Adverse Weather Conditions
Image restoration under multiple adverse weather conditions aims to develop a single model to recover the underlying scene with high visibility. Weather-related artifacts vary with the particle's distance to the camera according to the established scene visibility analysis, where close and faraway r...
- Pareto-Guided Optimal Transport for Multi-Reward Alignment
Text-to-image generation models have achieved remarkable progress in preference optimization, yet achieving robust alignment across diverse reward models remains a significant challenge. Existing multi-reward fusion approaches rely on weighted summation, which is costly to tune and insufficient for ...
- GenCape: Structure-Inductive Generative Modeling for Category-Agnostic Pose Estimation
Category-agnostic pose estimation (CAPE) aims to localize keypoints on query images from arbitrary categories, using only a few annotated support examples for guidance. Recent approaches either treat keypoints as isolated entities or rely on manually defined skeleton priors, which are costly to anno...
- Rigel3D: Rig-aware Latents for Animation-Ready 3D Asset Generation
Recent 3D generative models can synthesize high-quality assets, but their outputs are typically static: they lack the skeletal rigs, joint hierarchies, and skinning weights required for animation. This limits their use in games, film, simulation, virtual agents, and embodied AI, where assets must no...
- Towards Long-horizon Embodied Agents with Tool-Aligned Vision-Language-Action Models
Vision-language-action (VLA) models are effective robot action executors, but they remain limited on long-horizon tasks due to the dual burden of extended closed-loop planning and diverse physical operations. We therefore propose VLAs-as-Tools, a strategy that distributes this burden across a high-l...